The Super Bowl Halftime show is one of the most eagerly-anticipated events of the year, drawing millions of viewers from all around the world to what has become a cultural phenomenon. Many of music’s most prominent acts have taken to the stage to showcase show-stopping performances: Michale Jackson, Diana Ross, ZZ Top, The Rolling Stones, Prince, Beyoncé, and Madonna’s incredible showcase of her musical career.
The tradition of halftime entertainment at the Super Bowl began in 1967 with the marching bands of the University of Arizona and Grambling State University — and The Three Stooges — taking to the field.
In recent years, the halftime show has become a massive production that can also mean big business for artists who have seen a significant increase in streams on Spotify or iTunes. Missy Elliot’s performance as a surprise cameo at Super Bowl XLIX Halftime Show in 2015 saw the veteran rapper’s streams spike 676% after her performance overshadowed headliner Katy Perry. Elliot saw her classic hits “Lose Control,” “Get ur Freak On” and “Work It” reenter the iTunes charts in the top 12 songs category.
In 2001, U2 paid tribute to the victims of the 9/11 attacks and Lady Gaga’s show in 2016, highlighted the support of LGBTQ rights. One of the most controversial performances occurred in 2004 with Janet Jackson’s infamous “wardrobe malfunction” during her performance with Justin Timberlake. Timberlake sang the final line of “Gonna have you naked by the end of this song” from “Rock Your Body” and proceeded to pull off a part of Jackon’s costume revealing her breast sparking a national debate about censorship in broadcasting.
Take a look back at the Halftime show’s humble beginnings and the grand performances of today from artists that include Rihanna, The Weeknd, Bruce Springsteen, Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers, Paul McCartney, Britney Spears, The Blues Brothers and James Brown.
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2023: Rihanna
Image Credit: Kevin Mazur/Getty Images for Roc Nation Rihanna performs during Apple Music Super Bowl LVII Halftime Show at State Farm Stadium on February 12, 2023 in Glendale, Arizona.
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2022: Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Eminem, Mary J. Blige and Kendrick Lamar
Image Credit: Kevin C. Cox/Getty Images (L-R) Eminem, Dr. Dre, Kendrick Lamar, Mary J. Blige, Snoop Dogg, and 50 Cent perform during the Pepsi Super Bowl LVI Halftime Show at SoFi Stadium on February 13, 2022 in Inglewood, California.
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2021: The Weeknd
Image Credit: Getty Images The Weeknd performs onstage during the Pepsi Super Bowl LV Halftime Show at Raymond James Stadium on February 07, 2021 in Tampa, Florida.
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2020: Jennifer Lopez and Shakira
Image Credit: Getty Images (L-R) Shakira and Jennifer Lopez perform onstage during the Pepsi Super Bowl LIV Halftime Show at Hard Rock Stadium on February 02, 2020 in Miami, Florida.
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2019, Maroon 5 with Big Boi and Travis Scott
Image Credit: Getty Images Adam Levine of Maroon 5 (L) and Travis Scott perform during the Pepsi Super Bowl LIII Halftime Show at Mercedes-Benz Stadium on February 3, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia.
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2018: Justin Timberlake and the Tennessee Kids along with the University of Minnesota marching band
Image Credit: Getty Images Justin Timberlake performs during the Pepsi Super Bowl LII Halftime Show at U.S. Bank Stadium on February 4, 2018 in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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2017: Lady Gaga
Image Credit: Getty Images Lady Gaga performs during the Pepsi Zero Sugar Super Bowl 51 Halftime Show at NRG Stadium on February 5, 2017 in Houston, Texas.
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2016: Coldplay, Beyonce, Bruno Mars, Mark Ronson and the University of California marching band
Image Credit: Getty Images Beyonce, Chris Martin of Coldplay, and Bruno Mars perform during the Pepsi Super Bowl 50 Halftime Show at Levi’s Stadium on February 7, 2016 in Santa Clara, California.
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2015: Katy Perry, Lenny Kravitz, Missy Elliott and the Arizona State University marching band
Image Credit: Rob Carr/Getty Images Singer Katy Perry performs during the Pepsi Super Bowl XLIX Halftime Show at University of Phoenix Stadium on February 1, 2015 in Glendale, Arizona.
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2014: Bruno Mars, Red Hot Chili Peppers
Image Credit: Larry Busacca/Getty Images Bruno Mars, Anthony Kiedis and Josh Klinghoffer perform during the Pepsi Super Bowl XLVIII Halftime Show at MetLife Stadium on February 2, 2014 in East Rutherford, New Jersey.
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2013: Beyonce and Destiny’s Child
Image Credit: Ezra Shaw/Getty Images (L-R) Singers Kelly Rowland, Beyonce and Michelle Williams perform during the Pepsi Super Bowl XLVII Halftime Show at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome on February 3, 2013 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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2012: Madonna, LMFAO, Nicki Minaj, M.I.A. and Cee Lo Green
Image Credit: Al Bello/Getty Images Madonna performs during the Bridgestone Super Bowl XLVI Halftime Show at Lucas Oil Stadium on February 5, 2012 in Indianapolis, Indiana.
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2011: The Black Eyed Peas, Usher, Slash
Image Credit: Kevin Mazur/WireImage Fergie, apl.de.ap, will.i.am and Taboo of The Black Eyed Peas perform during the Bridgestone Super Bowl XLV Halftime Show at Dallas Cowboys Stadium on February 6, 2011 in Arlington, Texas.
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2010: The Who
Image Credit: Kevin Mazur/WireImage The Who performs onstage during the Super Bowl XLIV Halftime Show at the Sun Life Stadium on February 7, 2010 in Miami Gardens, Florida.
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2009: Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band
Image Credit: Jamie Squire/Getty Images Musician Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band perform at the Bridgestone halftime show during Super Bowl XLIII between the Arizona Cardinals and the Pittsburgh Steelers on February 1, 2009 at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida.
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2008: Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers
Image Credit: Streeter Lecka/Getty Images Musician Tom Petty performs at the Bridgestone halftime show during Super Bowl XLII between the New York Giants and the New England Patriots on February 3, 2008 at the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona.
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2007: Prince and the Florida A&M marching band
Image Credit: Jamie Squire/Getty Images Prince performs during the ‘Pepsi Halftime Show’ at Super Bowl XLI between the Indianapolis Colts and the Chicago Bears on February 4, 2007 at Dolphin Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida.
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2006: The Rolling Stones
Image Credit: Bob Rosato/Sports Illustrated via Getty Images The Rolling Stones perform during the “Sprint Super Bowl XL Halftime Show” at Super Bowl XL between the Seattle Seahawks and the Pittsburgh Steelers at Ford Field on February 5, 2006 in Detroit, Michigan.
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2005: Paul McCartney
Image Credit: Brian Bahr/Getty Images Singer Paul McCartney performs during the Super Bowl XXXIX halftime show at Alltel Stadium on February 6, 2005 in Jacksonville, Florida.
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2004: Janet Jackson, Kid Rock, P. Diddy, Jessica Simpson, Nelly and Justin Timberlake along with the University of Houston and Texas Southern University marching bands
Image Credit: Frank Micelotta/Getty Images Janet Jackson performs during the halftime show at Super Bowl XXXVIII between the New England Patriots and the Carolina Panthers at Reliant Stadium on February 1, 2004 in Houston, Texas.
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2004: Janet Jackson, Kid Rock, P. Diddy, Jessica Simpson, Nelly and Justin Timberlake along with the University of Houston and Texas Southern University marching bands
Image Credit: Getty Images Sean “P. Diddy” Combs performs during the halftime show at Super Bowl XXXVIII between the New England Patriots and the Carolina Panthers at Reliant Stadium on February 1, 2004 in Houston, Texas.
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2003: Shania Twain, No Doubt and Sting
Image Credit: KMazur/WireImage Shania Twain peforms during the halftime show of Super Bowl XXXVII between the Oakland Raiders and the Tampa Bay Buccaneerson January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California.
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2003: Shania Twain, No Doubt and Sting
Image Credit: Al Bello/Getty Images Gwen Stefani of No Doubt and Sting perform during the halftime show of Super Bowl XXXVII between the Oakland Raiders and the Tampa Bay Buccaneerson January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California.
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2002: “Tribute to Sept. 11” performed by U2
Image Credit: KMazur/WireImage Bono, lead singer of U2, performs during the halftime show at Super Bowl XXXVI in the Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, oFebruary 3, 2002.
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2001: “The Kings of Rock and Pop” performed by Aerosmith, ‘N‘Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige and Nelly
Image Credit: JEFF HAYNES/AFP via Getty Images Aerosmith and Britney Spears (C-R) and Nsync perform during the halftime show at the Super Bowl XXXV 28 January, 2001 at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida.
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2001: “The Kings of Rock and Pop” performed by Aerosmith, ‘N‘Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige and Nelly
Image Credit: Brian Bahr/ALLSPORT Britney Spears and Steven Tyler of Aerosmith perform during the halftime show for Super Bowl XXXV at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida.
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2001: “The Kings of Rock and Pop” performed by Aerosmith, ‘N‘Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige and Nelly
Image Credit: Andy Lyons /Allsport Steve Tyler of Aerosmith peforms with Mary J. Blige during the Halftime show of the Super Bowl XXXV Game between the New York Giants and Baltimore Ravens at the Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida.
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2000: “A Tapestry of Nations” with Phil Collins, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias and Toni Braxton
Image Credit: Brian Bahr/Getty Images Toni Braxton Performs In The Tapestry Of Nations Theme During The Halftime Show Of Super Bowl Xxxiv Between The Tennessee Titans And The St Louis Rams At The Georgia Dome In Atlanta, Georgia.
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2000: “A Tapestry of Nations” with Phil Collins, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias and Toni Braxton
Image Credit: JEFF HAYNES/AFP via Getty Images Christina Aguilera and Enrique Iglesias Perform In The Tapestry Of Nations Theme During The Halftime Show Of Super Bowl Xxxiv Between The Tennessee Titans And The St Louis Rams At The Georgia Dome In Atlanta, Georgia.
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2000: “A Tapestry of Nations” with Phil Collins, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias and Toni Braxton
Image Credit: Lutz Bongarts/Bongarts/Getty Images Phil Collins performs In The Tapestry Of Nations Theme During The Halftime Show Of Super Bowl Xxxiv Between The Tennessee Titans And The St Louis Rams At The Georgia Dome In Atlanta, Georgia.
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1999: “Celebration of Soul, Salsa and Swing” performed by Stevie Wonder, Gloria Estefan and Big Bad Voodoo Daddy
Image Credit: JEFF HAYNES/AFP via Getty Images Swing b and Big Bad Voodoo Daddy perform at the Super Bowl XXXIII Halftime Show on January 31, 1999 in Miami.
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1999: “Celebration of Soul, Salsa and Swing” performed by Stevie Wonder, Gloria Estefan and Big Bad Voodoo Daddy
Image Credit: Al Pereira/Getty Images/Michael Ochs Archives Gloria Estefan and Stevie Wonder perform at the Super Bowl XXXIII Halftime Show on January 31, 1999 in Miami.
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1998: “A Salute to Motown’s 40th Anniversary” with Boyz II Men, Smokey Robinson, The Temptations, Queen Latifah, Martha Reeves and the Grambling State University marching band
Image Credit: Al Pereira/Getty Images/Michael Ochs Archives Queen Latifah, Smokey Robinson, Martha Reeves and Boyz II Men perform at The Halftime Show, “A Tribute To Motown’s 40th Anniversary” during the game between the Green Bay Packers and the Denver Broncos at Super Bowl 32 at Qualcomm Stadium on January 25, 1998.
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1997: “Blues Brothers Bash” with the Blues Brothers (Dan Akroyd, John Goodman and James Belushi), James Brown and ZZ Top
Image Credit: Getty Images ZZ Top performs during the half-time show for Super Bowl XXXI between the New England Patriots and the Green Bay Packers at the Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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1997: “Blues Brothers Bash” with the Blues Brothers (Dan Akroyd, John Goodman and James Belushi), James Brown and ZZ Top
Image Credit: Jeff Kravitz/FilmMagic John Goodman, Dan Aykroyd and Jim Belushi of The Blues Brothers and James Brown.
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1996: “Take Me Higher: A Celebration of 30 Years of the Super Bowl” performed by Diana Ross
Image Credit: Focus on Sport/Getty Images Diana Ross performs during haft time of Super Bowl XXX between the Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers on January 28, 1996 at Sun Devil Stadium in Tempe, Arizona.
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1995: “Indiana Jones and the Temple of the Forbidden Eye” with Tony Bennett, Patti LaBelle, Arturo Sandoval, the Miami Sound Machine
Image Credit: DOUG COLLIER/AFP via Getty Images Tony Bennett and Patti LaBelle perform on 29t January 1995 during the halftime show of Super Bowl XXIX in Miami.
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1994: “Rockin’ Country Sunday” with Clint Black, Tanya Tucker, Travis Tritt, Wynonna and Naomi Judd
Image Credit: George Rose/Getty Images Country singers, Wynonna Judd (left) and her mother Naomi Judd, perform during the half-time show at the 1994 Atlanta, Georgia, Superbowl XXVII football game at the Georgia Dome.
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1994: “Rockin’ Country Sunday” with Clint Black, Tanya Tucker, Travis Tritt, Wynonna and Naomi Judd
Image Credit: George Rose/Getty Images Country singer Travis Tritt (left) and Clint Black pose together before the half-time show at the 1994 Atlanta, Georgia, Superbowl XXVII football game held at the Georgia Dome.
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1993: “Heal the World” performed by Michael Jackson
Image Credit: Damian Strohmeyer/Sports Illustrated via Getty Images Football: Super Bowl XXVII, Michael Jackson performing during halftime of Dallas Cowboys vs Buffalo Bills game, Pasadena, California.
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1992: “Winter Magic” with Gloria Estefan, the University of Minnesota marching band
Image Credit: Paul Spinelli via AP Singer Gloria Estefan performs during the Halftime show during the Washington Redskins 37-24 victory over the Buffalo Bills in Super Bowl XXVI on January 26, 1992 at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
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1991: “A Small World Tribute to 25 Years of the Super Bowl” performed by New Kids on the Block
Image Credit: Gin Ellis/Getty Images New Kids On The Block perform prior to the New York Giants taking on the Buffalo Bills in Super Bowl XXV at Tampa Stadium on January 27, 1991 in Tampa, Florida.
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1990: “Salute to New Orleans and 40th Anniversary of Peanuts,” with trumpeter Pete Fountain, Doug Kershaw, Irma Thomas and the Nicholls State University and Southern University marching bands
Image Credit: George Rose/Getty Images Mardi Gras style floats with women waving roll by during the pregame show before the San Francisco 49ers take on the Denver Broncos prior to Super Bowl XXIV at Louisiana Superdome on January 28, 1990 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The 49ers won 55-10.
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1990: “Salute to New Orleans and 40th Anniversary of Peanuts,” with trumpeter Pete Fountain, Doug Kershaw, Irma Thomas and the Nicholls State University and Southern University marching bands
Image Credit: Heinz Kluetmeier /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images Celebrity musician Pete Fountain holding clarinet while performing and waving to the crowd during halftime of Oakland Raiders vs Philadelphia Eagles game at Louisiana Superdome.
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1990: “Salute to New Orleans and 40th Anniversary of Peanuts,” with trumpeter Pete Fountain, Doug Kershaw, Irma Thomas and the Nicholls State University and Southern University marching bands
Image Credit: Heinz Kluetmeier /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images View of youth performer riding pink elephant in front of float featuring Pete Fountain during halftime show of Oakland Raiders vs Philadelphia Eagles game at Lousiana Superdome.
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1989: “Be Bop Bamboozled” with Elvis Presto
Image Credit: Rob Brown/Getty Images Elvis Presto performs during the halftime extravaganza of the San Francisco 49ers 20-16 victory over the Cincinnati Bengals in Super Bowl XXIII on January 22, 1989 at Joe Robbie Stadium in Miami, Florida.
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1988: “Something Grand” with 88 grand pianos, the Rockettes, Chubby Checker and the combined San Diego State and USC marching bands
Image Credit: George Rose/Getty Images Entertainer Bob Hope sits in the “Hopemobile” during the 1988 San Diego, California, Superbowl XXII Half-time Show.
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1987: “Salute to Hollywood’s 100th Anniversary” with George Burns, Mickey Rooney, Grambling State University and USC marching bands
Image Credit: CBS Sports/Youtube The Disney cast perform at the “Salute to Hollywood’s 100th Anniversary” with George Burns, Mickey Rooney, Grambling State University and USC marching bands 1987, Rose Bowl, Pasadena, California.
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1986: “Beat of the Future” with Up with People
Image Credit: Nate Fine/Getty Images Former NFL players Harvey Martin (co-MVP of Super Bowl XII), Larry Csonka (MVP Super Bowl VIII), Roger Staubach (MVP Super Bowl VI), and John Riggins (MVP Super Bowl XVII) at Super Bowl XX between the Chicago Bears and New England Patriots on January 26, 1986, at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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1985: “A World of Children’s Dreams” with Tops In Blue
Image Credit: CBS/Youtube A peformer at the during Super Bowl XIX at Stanford Stadium on January 20, 1985 in Stanford, California. The 49ers defeated the Dolphins 38-16.
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1984: “Salute to the Superstars of the Silver Screen” with the University of Florida and Florida State marching bands
Image Credit: Heinz Kluetmeier /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images View of halftime show with “Salute to Superstars of the Silver Screen” produced by The Walt Disney Company during Washington Redskins vs Los Angeles Raiders game at Tampa Stadium.
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1983: “KaleidoSUPERscope” with the Los Angeles Super Drill Team
Image Credit: Robert Riger/Getty Images General view of halftime show during Super Bowl XVII between the Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins at the Rose Bowl on January 30, 1983 in Pasadena, California.
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1982: “A Salute to the 60s and Motown” with Up with People
Image Credit: Manny Millan /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images Super Bowl XVI: View of halftime show featuring “Up With People” on field during San Francisco 49ers vs Cincinnati Bengals game at Pontiac Silverdome.
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1981: “A Mardi Gras Festival” with Helen O’Connell and the Southern University marching band
Image Credit: Heinz Kluetmeier /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images Super Bowl XV: View of Mardi Gras-themed float on the field during the halftime show of Oakland Raiders vs Philadelphia Eagles game at Louisiana Superdome.
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1980: “A Salute to the Big Band Era” with Up with People and the Grambling State University marching band
Image Credit: Richard Mackson /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images Football: Super Bowl XIV: View of halftime show featuring “Up with People” during Los Angeles Rams vs Pittsburgh Steelers game at Rose Bowl Stadium.
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1979: “Salute to the Caribbean” with Ken Hamilton and various Caribbean bands
Image Credit: CBS/Youtube Peformers during the halftime show at the Orange Bowl on January 21, 1979 in Miami, Florida. The Steelers defeated the Cowboys 35-31
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1978: “From Paris to the Paris of America” with Tyler Apache Belles and Apache Band Pete Fountain and Al Hirt
Image Credit: Focus on Sport via Getty Images Halftime music players entertain the crowd during Superbowl XII featuring the Denver Broncos and the Dallas Cowboys at the Superdome on January 15, 1978 in New Orleans.
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1977: “It’s a Small World” with the Los Angeles Unified All-City band
Image Credit: Heinz Kluetmeier /Sports Illustrated via Getty Images Football: Super Bowl XI: View of halftime show with “It’s a Small World” theme produced by The Walt Disney Company during Oakland Raiders vs Minnesota Vikings game at Rose Bowl Stadium, Pasadena, California.
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1976: “200 Years and Just a Baby: A Tribute to America’s Bicentennial” with Up with People
Image Credit: CBS/Youtube Performers during the halftime show at the Super Bowl X, Orange Bowl on January 18, 1976 in Miami, Florida. The Steelers defeated the Cowboys 21-17.
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1975: “Tribute to Duke Ellington” with Mercer Ellington and the Grambling State University band
Image Credit: Youtube Football: Super Bowl IX: Overall view of halftime show on field during Pittsburgh Steelers vs Minnesota Vikings game at Tulane Stadium. New Orleans, LA.
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1974: “A Musical America” with the University of Texas band
Image Credit: Youtube University of Texas marching band during Super Bowl VIII against the Minnesota Vikings at the Rose Bowl on January 13, 1974.
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1973: “Happiness Is” with the University of Michigan marching band, Woody Herman and Andy Williams
Image Credit: Nate Fine/Getty Images Singer Andy Williams performs during halftime in Super Bowl VII on January 14, 1973 at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.
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1972: “Salute to Louis Armstrong” with Ella Fitzgerald, Carol Channing, Al Hirt and U.S. Marine Corps Drill Team
Image Credit: Focus on Sport/Getty Images Al Hirt plays the trumpet and Ella Fitzgerald sings during the Halftime Show of Super Bowl VI between the Dallas Cowboys and Miami Dolphins at Tulane Stadium January 16, 1972 in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Cowboys won the Super Bowl 24-3.
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1972: “Salute to Louis Armstrong” with Ella Fitzgerald, Carol Channing, Al Hirt and U.S. Marine Corps Drill Team
Image Credit: Getty Images Singer Carol Channing performs at halftime of Super Bowl VI on January 16, 1972 between the Miami Dolphins and the Dallas Cowboys at Tulane Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Cowboys beat the Dolphins, 24-3 to win the professional football World Championship.
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1971: Southern Missouri State marching band
Image Credit: Youtube Performers during th halftime show at the Baltimore Colts during Super Bowl V on January 17, 1971 at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida. The Colts won the Super Bowl 16-13.
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1970: “Tribute to Mardi Gras” with Marguerite Piazza, Doc Severinsen, Al Hirt, Lionel Hampton and the Southern University Marching Band
Image Credit: Underwood Archives/Getty Images American folk and pop group the New Christy Minstrels perform on the field during the halftime show at Super Bowl IV in Tulane Stadium, New Orleans, Louisiana, January 11, 1970.
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1969: “America Thanks” with the Florida A&M University band and Miami area high school bands
Image Credit: NBC/Youtube Halftime performance during Super Bowl III at the Orange Bowl on January 12, 1969 in Miami, Florida. The Jets defeated the Colts 16-7. (Photo by Focus on Sport/Getty Images
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1968: Grambling State University band
Image Credit: Paramount/Youtube The second AFL-NFL World Championship Game was an American football game played on January 14, 1968, at the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida. The National Football League’s defending champion Green Bay Packers defeated the American Football League champion Oakland Raiders by the score of 33–14
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1967: The Three Stooges, University of Arizona and Grambling State University marching bands
Image Credit: Ben Olender/LAT/Getty Jan. 15, 1967: Part of the halftime entertainment included a rocket belt demonstration by the Bell Rocket Air Men. First Super Bowl game at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum between Green Bay Packers and Kansas City Chiefs.
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1967: The Three Stooges, University of Arizona and Grambling State University marching bands
Image Credit: Robert Riger/Getty Images Members of the University of Arizona marching band perform on the field during the halftime show at Super Bowl One (then the AFL-NFL World Championship Game) between the Kansas City Chiefs and the Green Bay Packers at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, Los Angeles, California, January 15, 1967. The University of Michigan marching band also performed at the halftime show.
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